文学史是对于过去文学的述说,由于被述对象是过去写作的而述说行为是在当下进行,这就使得二者之间有一个时间差。所谓时间差,并不只是时间上先后的差异,而更是一种认识和看待事物的态度的不同,从而使得事物本身的意义产生变异。埃斯卡尔皮讲过一个例子,他指出,《鲁滨逊漂流记》 Literary history is a statement of past literature. Since the object is written in the past and the act of speaking is conducted now, there is a time lag between the two. The so-called time difference, not just the difference in time, but also a different attitude to recognize and view things, so that things have their own meaning variation. Escalpi spoke of an example in which he pointed out that “Robinson Crusoe”