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活塞长期在高温、高压下服役,因之,GB1148—82对活塞合金高温（300℃）机械性能有明显规定;要求ZL108σb~300>78.5MPa（8kgf/mm~（2））,尺寸稳定性<0.03％,但对HB~（300）未作规定。目前不少厂家缺少必要的高温材料试验机和长度测量仪,无法进行这些指标的测定。 近些年来,国内外不少研究人员鉴于这些测量较为复杂,对如何预测这些性能指标,寻找它们与化学成份之间的关系表现出极大的关注.文献[1、2]曾报道AL─Si合金机械性能与化学成份之间的依属关系可用某些经验公式表达。但这些计算公式仅反映某一机械性能与某单一元素或几个单一元素之间的定量关系,我国常用ZL108合金为多元合金,含量在相当大的范围内变动,既可能影响各元素固溶情况,也可以形成多种金属化合物。毫无疑题,这些元素间的交互作用必然反映到机械性能、物理性能的关系上来。因此,本文期望建立ZL108合金高温机械性能、物理性能与化学成份之间的定量依属关系。采用正交设计法讨论ZL108常见元素Cu、Mg、Mn、Fe以及它们的交互作用对高温（300℃）σb（300）、HB（300）的影响,然后用回归分析建立这些性能指标与化学成份之间的定量关系,为控制和预测 L108高温机械性能找到一条捷径。
Piston long-term service under high temperature and pressure, therefore, GB1148-82 has obvious requirements on mechanical properties of piston alloy at high temperature (300 ℃); ZL108σb ~ 300> 78.5MPa (8kgf / mm ~ (2) 0.03%, but not for HB ~ (300). At present, many manufacturers lack the necessary high-temperature materials testing machine and length measuring instrument, can not be measured for these indicators. In recent years, many researchers at home and abroad, in view of the complexity of these measurements, have shown great concern about how to predict these properties and find their relationship with the chemical composition. Affinity between the mechanical properties of the alloy and the chemical composition can be expressed by some empirical formula. However, these formulas only reflect the quantitative relationship between a certain mechanical property and a single element or several single elements. The ZL108 alloy used in our country is a multi-element alloy, and its content varies within a relatively large range, which may affect the solid solution of each element , Can also form a variety of metal compounds. No doubt, the interaction between these elements must be reflected in the relationship between mechanical properties and physical properties. Therefore, this article is expected to establish a quantitative relationship between mechanical properties, physical properties and chemical composition of ZL108 alloy at high temperature. Orthogonal design was used to discuss the effects of Cu, Mg, Mn, Fe and their interaction on the σb (300) and HB (300) at high temperature (300 ℃). Then the regression analysis was used to establish these properties and chemical composition The quantitative relationship between the control and prediction L108 high temperature mechanical properties to find a shortcut.