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目前,大多数地质学者仅重视边缘盆地的形成,却往往忽略了边缘盆地在其形成以后的演化.本文拟提出边缘盆地的总发展史,特别是其形成后的演化,并进而探讨边缘盆地在边缘海发育和大陆生长过程中的作用.在地质发展史上,地球表面的宏观地质(发展)演化过程可能有两大类,即海底扩张和大陆生长,对此二者海洋地质学者颇有兴致.关于大陆的生长有两种类型:一是由于不同板块碰撞所导致的大陆联合;二是边缘海的生成,致使大陆不断扩大.关于边缘盆地的形成乃是当代地学工作者所面临的最重要的问题之一,但其对于边缘盆地形成的知识是十分贫乏的.以下作者拟对边缘盆地的演化提出讨论.边缘盆地形成的机制已经提出的有四种模式:(一)Uyeda和Miyashiro(1974)认为日本海的张开是起因于扩张海脊的俯冲,同时Eguchi等(1979)认为安达曼海也是如此;(二)Karig(1971)提出与俯冲作用有关的热底辟造成地壳的扩张,借以解释大多数边缘盆地的形成.McManus与Tate(1978)认为从静态硅铝圈之下涌出的硅镁物质的边缘扩张造成边缘海,并认为该模式更适用于苏禄海、苏拉威西海和南中国海.Lawver和Hawkins(1978)提出岩浆可在某些构造部位呈离散状泄出,并在某些边缘盆地中形成
At present, most geologists only pay attention to the formation of marginal basins, but often neglect the evolution of marginal basins after their formation.This paper intends to propose the general history of marginal basins, especially their evolution after formation, The development of the marginal sea and the growth of the continent.In the history of geological development, the macroscopic geological (development) evolution process of the Earth’s surface may have two broad categories, that is, seafloor expansion and continental growth, for which the marine geologists are quite interested. There are two types of growth on the mainland: one is the continental union caused by the collision of different plates, and the other is the formation of the marginal sea, resulting in the continuous expansion of the continent. The formation of the marginal basin is the most important aspect facing contemporary geoscientists But its knowledge of the formation of marginal basins is very poor.The following authors intend to discuss the evolution of marginal basins.The mechanism of the formation of the marginal basin has been proposed in four modes: (a) Uyeda and Miyashiro (1974) It is considered that the opening of the Sea of Japan is due to the subduction of the expanse of the ridge while Eguchi et al. (1979) consider the Andaman Sea as well. (2) Karig (1971) The role of related thermal diapirs causes the expansion of the crust to account for the formation of most of the marginal basins. McManus and Tate (1978) argue that the marginal expansion of the magnesia that gushes from underneath the quasi- The model is more suitable for the Sulu Sea, the Sulawesi Sea and the South China Sea .Lawver and Hawkins (1978) suggested that magma could be discretely evolved at some tectonic positions and formed in some marginal basins