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目的了解农村水族小学生生长发育及营养状况,为进一步改善小学生营养水平提供科学依据。方法采用整群抽样方法,选取三都水族自治县牛场小学610名小学生,测量身高、体重,以NCHS/WHO参考值作为评价标准,采用z评分方法进行营养评价。结果小学生低体重检出率为1.31%,生长迟缓检出率为2.46%,消瘦检出率为0.66%,超重检出率为12.13%,肥胖检出率为3.11%。多因素Logistic回归分析:性别、学生健康状况、父母婚姻质量、生活方式、母亲饮酒和带养人对学生的教育是低体重、生长迟缓、消瘦的主要影响因素。结论农村水族小学生低体重检出率、超重均高于全国水平,应给予重视,采取针对性干预,实现预防和控制。
Objective To understand the growth and nutrition status of rural aquatic pupils in rural areas and provide scientific basis for further improving the nutritional level of pupils. Methods The cluster sampling method was used to select 610 primary school students from Niuchang Elementary School in Sandu Shui Autonomous County to measure the height and weight. The NCHS / WHO reference value was used as evaluation criteria and the z score method was used to evaluate nutrition. Results The detection rate of low birth weight was 1.31%, the growth retardation was 2.46%, the detection rate of wasting was 0.66%, the detection rate of overweight was 12.13% and the detection rate of obesity was 3.11%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender, student’s health status, quality of marriage, lifestyle, mother’s drinking and education of students were the main influencing factors of low weight, growth retardation and emaciation. Conclusion The detection rates and overweight of rural aquatic pupils in rural areas are higher than the national level, so we should pay attention to it and take targeted intervention to prevent and control them.