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目的对艾滋病(AIDS)高发地区的强制戒毒所内,吸毒者在所内的高危行为及艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染情况进行评估。方法采用回顾性队列研究设计,招募在戒毒所内戒毒超过1年者为研究对象,收集其在入所时HIV检测结果,并在其出所前进行第二次HIV检测。采用面对面问卷调查的方法,收集研究对象的一般人口学特征、艾滋病相关知识、入所前性行为和吸毒行为,以及入所后的HIV危险行为,包括所内偷吸、共用吸毒用具和同性性行为。HIV检测采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)初筛和蛋白印迹试验(WB)确证。结果共招募研究对象499人,8人报告在所内吸食过海洛因。所内没有人自我报告男男同性性行为。在214名入所时检测HIV阴性的吸毒者中,出所时检测未发现HIV阳性者。在198名入所时未检测者中,出所时检测发现1名无所内HIV危险行为的吸毒者HIV阳性。结论该次研究未发现所内HIV危险行为和所内HIV感染,但有所内偷吸毒品的现象,因此要严格防止毒品和注射用具进入强制戒毒所或羁押场所。
Objective To evaluate the high risk behaviors and HIV infection of drug addicts in compulsory drug rehabilitation centers in areas with high incidence of AIDS. Methods A retrospective cohort study was designed to recruit HIV drug candidates who had been in the drug rehabilitation center for more than one year. The HIV test results at the time of admission were collected and a second HIV test was performed before they were admitted. Face-to-face questionnaires were used to collect general demographic characteristics, HIV / AIDS related knowledge, pre-entry sexual behaviors and drug abuse behaviors as well as post-admission HIV risk behaviors, including internal steal, sharing of drug use and homosexuality. HIV test using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) screening and Western blot test (WB) confirmed. Results A total of 499 participants were enrolled in the study, and eight reported having had heroin smoked. No one reported self-same-sex gay men. Among 214 drug addicts who tested for HIV-negative at the time of enrollment, no HIV-positive persons were detected at that time. Of the 198 undetectable infants, HIV-positive drug users found one HIV-free at risk at the time of testing. Conclusion The study did not find any HIV risk behaviors or HIV infection in the study, but it has the potential to steal drugs. Therefore, it is necessary to strictly prevent drug and injecting equipment from entering compulsory drug treatment centers or prisons.