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1951年瑞典神经外科学家Leksell提出立体定向放射外科概念(stereotactic radiosurgery.SRS)。1968年有了第一台γ-刀,发展至今形成了第三代γ-刀装置。几乎与第三代7-刀使用的同时,以美国同道为代表提出了用直线加速器X线非共面多弧度等中心旋转实现多个小野三维集束照射病变的方法,起到与γ-刀一样的作用,即X-刀。两者学名为X(γ)线立体定向放射手术(SRS)。随着影像学、自动化技术的进步和适形放射治疗对定、摆位精度的要求,使放射外科与适形治疗更加接近,实现了它们的结合,称为立体定向放射治疗(stereotactic radiotherapy,SRT)。近10年来,由于SRT(SRS)具有靶区高剂量照射,而靶区与正常组织之间存在较大剂量梯度,照射剂量迅速下降特点,已引起越来越多放疗中心的兴趣,至今用该项技术治疗的病人已愈2万,并取得了很好的疗效。同时,SRT(SRS)出现了两方面发展
1951 Swedish neurosurgeon Leksell proposed stereotactic radiosurgical concept (stereotactic radiosurgery.SRS). With the first γ-knife in 1968, the third generation of γ-knife devices has been developed so far. At the same time as the third-generation 7-knife, the method of multiple inoculation of three-dimensional cluster irradiation with linear accelerator X-ray non-coplanar multi-arc center rotation was proposed by fellow Americans. The role of the X-knife. Both named X (gamma) ray stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). With the progress of imaging and automation technology and the requirement of conformal radiotherapy for setting and positioning accuracy, radiosurgery and conformal treatment are brought closer to achieve their combination, called stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT ). In the past 10 years, SRT (SRS) has attracted more and more radiotherapy centers because of its high irradiation dose in the target area and the large dose gradient between the target area and the normal tissue and the rapid decrease of irradiation dose The project has more than 20000 patients treated and achieved good results. At the same time, there have been two developments in SRT (SRS)