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众所周知,在做托里拆利实验测大气压时,由于玻璃管封闭端的真空部份存在少量空气,测出的大气压值与真实值常常相差5％以上,而影响实验的精确度,甚至使实验失败。为了解决这一问题,各种参考书和杂志上,曾介绍过多种多样的方法。我通过实践发现,以笔者数十年来使用的振动排气法最简单、方便、可靠。 1.取长约1米的玻璃管,开口端向上,灌注水银,但不灌满,留约1厘米长管柱的气泡。用一块薄橡皮(如自行车轮胎橡皮)盖在管口上,再用右手食指压住,
It is well known that when measuring the atmospheric pressure with the Torridelli experiment, because there is a small amount of air in the vacuum part of the closed end of the glass tube, the measured atmospheric pressure value often differs from the actual value by more than 5%, affecting the accuracy of the experiment and even causing the experiment to fail. . In order to solve this problem, various reference books and magazines have introduced a variety of methods. Through practice, I found that the vibration exhaust method used by the author for decades is the simplest, most convenient and reliable. 1. Take a glass tube about 1 meter long, open the end up, inject mercury, but not full, leaving about 1 cm long column of bubbles. Cover the nozzle with a thin rubber (such as a bicycle tire rubber) and press it with your right index finger.