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目的分析实验性Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠实验周期内血清葡萄糖、胰岛素水平与胰岛组织病理损伤程度的相关性,为研究Ⅱ型糖尿病胰岛功能损伤及抗糖尿病药物研究提供科学依据。方法雄性SD大鼠以高脂高糖饲料喂养5周后,模型组大鼠一次性腹腔注射小剂量链脲佐菌素(STZ,30 mg.kg-)1。3 d后检测禁食4 h后血糖(4 hBG),选择血糖值在11.0~25.0 mmol.L-1之间的大鼠为正式实验动物。模型组大鼠和高脂高糖组大鼠继续给予高脂高糖饲料4周,并于4周后检测4 hBG,血清胰岛素水平,镜下观察胰岛组织病理变化。结果与正常对照组比较,糖尿病模型组大鼠腹腔注射STZ 72 h后,血糖水平明显升高,并维持高血糖水平到实验周期结束(31 d)。同时糖尿病模型大鼠胰岛β细胞功能指数明显下降,胰岛细胞受到严重损伤。结论高脂喂养辅以小剂量STZ腹腔注射后,大鼠出现高血糖水平,胰岛素分泌增加,胰岛功能严重受损,三者之间相互影响,胰岛细胞损伤严重程度与血糖、胰岛素分泌呈正相关。
Objective To analyze the correlation between serum glucose and insulin levels and the degree of pancreatic islet histopathological damage in experimental type 2 diabetic rats during the experimental period, and to provide a scientific basis for studying the functional impairment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and antidiabetic drugs. Methods Male SD rats were fed with high-fat and high-sugar diet for 5 weeks. After a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 30 mg.kg-1) for 1.3 days, the model rats were fasted for 4 h After 4 hBG, rats whose blood glucose level was between 11.0 and 25.0 mmol.L-1 were selected as experimental animals. Rats in model group and high-fat and high-sucrose group were further given high-fat and high-sugar diet for 4 weeks. After 4 weeks, the rats were inspected for 4 h of BG and serum insulin, and pathological changes of islet were observed under microscope. Results Compared with the normal control group, the blood glucose level increased significantly after 72 hours of STZ injection in diabetic model group, and the hyperglycemia level was maintained until the end of the experimental period (31 d). At the same time, the function index of pancreatic β-cell of diabetic rats decreased significantly, and islet cells were severely damaged. Conclusion High-fat diet supplemented with low-dose STZ intraperitoneally injected rats showed hyperglycemia, increased insulin secretion and impaired pancreatic islet function. The three factors affected each other and the severity of pancreatic islet cells was positively correlated with blood glucose and insulin secretion.