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被动桩是指一种由于土体水平位移而发生挠曲变形的桩。目前不论是室内试验还是数值计算,常在模型边界对土体施加水平位移荷载(位移边界条件)形成土体的位移场,用来研究被动桩的变形特征,但不同研究者采用的水平位移施加位置(边界位置)与被动桩的距离存在较大差异。结合一个工程案例,采用有限单元法对水平位移加载位置进行了单变量参数分析。研究表明,随着水平位移加载位置与被动桩距离的增加,桩身变形显著减小。这表明了施加位移边界后地基中存在明显的应力扩散。当该距离小于5.5倍桩径时,在模型边界施加同等大小的水平位移所需应力显著增加。同时讨论了水平荷载加载位置与被动桩距离的合理范围,认为应在5~8倍桩径范围之内。
Passive pile is a pile due to the horizontal displacement of the soil deflection occurs. At present, whether in laboratory or numerical calculation, the horizontal displacement load (displacement boundary condition) is often applied to the soil boundary to form the displacement field of the soil, which is used to study the deformation characteristics of the passive pile. However, the horizontal displacement applied by different researchers There is a big difference between the position (boundary position) and the distance between passive piles. Combined with a project case, the univariate parameter analysis of the horizontal displacement loading location is carried out by the finite element method. The research shows that with the increase of the distance between the horizontal displacement loading position and the passive pile, the deformation of the pile body is significantly reduced. This shows that there is a significant stress diffusion in the foundation after applying the displacement boundary. When this distance is less than 5.5 times the diameter of the pile, the stress required to exert the same horizontal displacement at the model boundary increases significantly. At the same time, the reasonable range of horizontal load loading position and passive pile distance is discussed, which should be within 5 ~ 8 times pile diameter range.