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山西省广泛分布的农业土壤是石灰性土壤,其成土母质为黄土及黄土状物质;耕作层的碳酸钙含量一般为3.5—12.0%;pH值为7.5—8.3。土壤中各种微量元素的含量(ppm)平均都很低:全锰579.0,代换性锰33.4,全钼0.39,有效钼0.019;全锌69.9,有效锌1.4;全硼81,有效硼1.1;全铜22.7,有效铜1.35。鉴于山西省石灰性土壤微量元素严重不定,我们从1974年起,与有关单位配合,在小麦、棉花、玉米上,连续进行了五年微量元素试验。试验证明,对麦、棉、玉米施用锰、钼、锌、硼、铜等微量元素,一般都有良好的增产效果。主要结果综述如下。对作物的增产效果(一)冬小麦和春小麦播种:1斤种子用微量元素0.5—1克(化学药品的数量,不是微量元素成分重量,下同)。先用少量水将微量元素溶解,然后喷洒在种子上并均匀搅拌。只有这样做,才能将数量很小的微量元素沾在所有
The widely distributed agricultural soil in Shanxi Province is calcareous soil with loamy and loess-like parent materials. The content of calcium carbonate in cultivated soil is generally 3.5-12.0% and the pH value is 7.5-8.3. The average content of various trace elements in the soil (ppm) is very low: whole manganese 579.0, substitutional manganese 33.4, total molybdenum 0.39, available molybdenum 0.019; total zinc 69.9, available zinc 1.4; total boron 81, available boron 1.1; Copper 22.7, effective copper 1.35. In view of the serious uncertainties of trace elements in calcareous soils of Shanxi Province, we have been carrying out five-year trace element tests on wheat, cotton and maize since 1974, cooperating with the relevant units. Experiments show that wheat, cotton, corn manganese, molybdenum, zinc, boron, copper and other trace elements, generally have a good yield. The main results are summarized as follows. Crop yield increase (A) of winter wheat and spring wheat sowing: 1 kg seed trace elements 0.5-1 grams (the number of chemicals, not trace element weight, the same below). Dissolve the trace elements with a small amount of water and spray on the seeds and mix well. Only in this way can a very small amount of trace elements be applied to all