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目的利用红外光谱指纹图谱技术和数理统计分析方法建立一种海马(Hippocampus)种类鉴别和质量控制方法。方法应用红外光谱技术分析35个不同来源的海马样品乙醇提取物,通过聚类分析和相似度分析建立海马乙醇提取物的红外光谱指纹图谱;利用主成分分析及判别分析进行海马种类鉴别和质量控制研究。结果各海马样品乙醇提取物的红外光谱与所建立的指纹图谱共有模式比较相似度良好,符合指纹图谱要求;三斑海马(Hippocampus trimaculatus)与刺海马(H.histrix)分别聚集为不同的类群,实现了不同种类海马的鉴别;在主成分分析的基础上进行判别分析时,吸收峰3 305.4～3 297.7 cm-1、2 919.7～2 915.9 cm-1、2 852.2～2 848.4 cm-1、1 656.6～1 652.7 cm-1、1 542.8～1 538.9 cm-1、1 456.0～1 452.2 cm-1在主成分1上的载荷较大,而1 045.2～1 041.4 cm-1在主成分2上的载荷最大,据此建立的判别函数可用于区分三斑海马与刺海马,正确率达到93.55%。结论本实验建立的乙醇提取物红外光谱指纹图谱结合主成分分析及判别分析可快速、准确地鉴别不同种类的海马。
OBJECTIVE To establish a Hippocampus species identification and quality control method using infrared spectral fingerprinting and mathematical statistics. Methods The ethanol extracts from 35 different hippocampus samples were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy. The infrared spectra fingerprints of ethanol extract from hippocampus were established by cluster analysis and similarity analysis. The identification and quality control of hippocampal species were carried out by principal component analysis and discriminant analysis the study. Results The infrared spectra of ethanol extracts from each hippocampus sample were similar to the common patterns of the established fingerprints, and were consistent with the fingerprinting requirements. Hippocampus trimaculatus and H.histrix clustered into different groups, The discrimination of different kinds of hippocampus was realized. When the discriminant analysis was based on the principal component analysis, the absorption peaks were 3 305.4-3 297.7 cm-1, 919.7-2 915.9 cm-1, 8552.2-2488.4 cm-1, 656.6 ~ 1 652.7 cm-1 542.8 ~ 1 538.9 cm-1 456.0 ~ 1 452.2 cm-1 The principal component 1 has a larger load, while the 1 045.2 ~ 1 041.4 cm-1 on the principal component 2 The maximum load, the discriminant function based on which can be used to distinguish between the three spots of the hippocampus and stab the seahorse, the correct rate of 93.55%. Conclusion The infrared spectrum fingerprints of ethanol extract established in this experiment can identify different kinds of hippocampus quickly and accurately by principal component analysis and discriminant analysis.