一、引言水下被动听测的主要目的是检测目标噪声源存在与否。由于事先并不了解这些噪声源产生的信号的时间结构,所以主要检测依据就是这些信号的空间相干性。所谓空间相干性,就是噪声源在各个接收阵元上产生的信号,除了有一与噪声源方向有关的时延差别外,几乎完全一样。背景噪声和其它相干噪声源会对给定方向上的目标检测造成干扰(这些相干噪声源可以是其它目标或干扰源)。本文将在对噪声场性质相应地作了一些假设的情况下,对一些可行的处理方法一一予以考察。这些假设中的第一个假设是:同一噪声源在接收阵各阵元上产生的信号,除了相互间有时延外完全相同;也就是说,这些信号在空间上完全相干。另一个假 I. INTRODUCTION The main purpose of underwater passive listening is to detect whether the target noise source exists or not. Since the time structure of the signals generated by these noise sources is not known in advance, the main detection basis is the spatial coherence of these signals. The so-called spatial coherence, is the signal that the noise source produces on each receive array element, except that there is a time delay difference related to the noise source direction, it is almost exactly the same. Background noise and other coherent noise sources can interfere with the detection of a target in a given direction (these coherent noise sources can be other targets or sources of interference). This article will make some assumptions on the nature of the noise field, some feasible approach to be investigated. The first of these assumptions assumes that the signals generated by the same noise source on each array element of the receive array are identical except for the time delay between them; that is, the signals are spatially coherent. Another fake