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为研究煤矿区煤矸石充填复垦地土壤理化特性的时空变化,该文以淮南张集矿煤矸石复垦区为研究对象,采取室外田间小区试验和室内试验分析方法,选取不同覆土厚度<50 cm,50～60cm,60～70cm,70～80cm,>80cm的5类试验地块分别于2012年与2016年对复垦区土壤容重、水分p H值、养分各项因素进行研究并分析煤矸石作为充填基质的复垦效应,采用模糊综合评判法评判各复垦地块土壤质量,结果显示:土壤容重随复垦时间增加呈现下降趋势;土壤含水量随时间呈上升趋势;2016年各地块土壤p H值较2012年皆呈现下降趋势,且复垦地养分含量普遍高于2012年对应的复垦地;从2012年到2016年,复垦地块各理化指标变异系数显著减小;2016年A、D两地块土壤质量综合指标值较2012年分别下降38.7%、13.12%,B、C、E则上升了68.71%、9.61%、27.0%。
In order to study the spatio-temporal changes of soil physical and chemical properties in reclamation land with gangue filling in coal mines, this paper took the coal gangue reclamation area of Zhangji mine in Huainan as the research object. By outdoor field plot test and laboratory test and analysis method, cm, 50 ~ 60cm, 60 ~ 70cm, 70 ~ 80cm,> 80cm. The factors of soil bulk density, water p H value and nutrients in reclamation area were studied in 2012 and 2016, The results showed that the soil bulk density decreased with the increase of reclamation time and the soil moisture content increased with time. In 2016, the comprehensive evaluation of the soil quality of reclamation plots by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, Compared with 2012, the p H values of all the plots showed a downward trend, and the nutrient contents of reclaimed land were generally higher than those corresponding to 2012. From 2012 to 2016, the coefficient of variation of each physical and chemical index of reclaimed land decreased significantly. Compared with 2012, the integrated index of soil quality in blocks A and D in 2016 decreased by 38.7% and 13.12% respectively, while that of B, C and E increased by 68.71%, 9.61% and 27.0% respectively.