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目的了解近年来东莞市工作场所中有机溶剂的使用情况,为有效开展有机溶剂的职业病危害防治工作提供依据。方法收集东莞市233家工作场所有机溶剂944份,运用气质联用仪进行挥发性化学成分分析。结果 944份有机溶剂共检出343种挥发性组分,累计检出7 949次,检出有机物前5位为甲苯(52.5%)、二甲苯(37.5%)、乙苯(33.9%)、正己烷(27.4%)、正庚烷(22.6%)、苯(11.9%)、1,2-二氯乙烷(3.8%)、三氯乙烯(3.2%)分别位于第11、21、23位。检出前3位有机溶剂行业为电子、塑料五金、家具,苯检出率最高行业为制鞋(33.8%),有机溶剂类型为天那水(42.3%)。结论有机溶剂仍为东莞市主要的职业病危害来源,有机溶剂成分分析是识别职业病危害因素的一个非常重要的方法。
Objective To understand the use of organic solvents in the workplace in Dongguan City in recent years and to provide basis for effective prevention and control of occupational hazards in organic solvents. Methods A total of 944 organic solvents from 233 workplaces in Dongguan City were collected and analyzed by GC / MS. Results A total of 343 kinds of volatile components were detected in 944 organic solvents and 7,949 times were detected in total. The top five organic compounds were toluene (52.5%), xylene (37.5%), ethylbenzene (33.9%), (27.4%), n-heptane (22.6%), benzene (11.9%), 1,2-dichloroethane (3.8%) and trichlorethylene (3.2%) are located at positions 11, 21 and 23, respectively. The first three sectors of organic solvents detected in the industry were electronics, plastic hardware and furniture. The highest rate of benzene detection was found in shoes (33.8%) and that of organic solvents was that of days (42.3%). Conclusion Organic solvents are still the main source of occupational hazards in Dongguan City. The analysis of organic solvent components is a very important method to identify occupational hazards.