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表层合金化是在铸型型腔模壁上涂敷、喷涂、贴固合金颗粒膏剂,当浇注铁水时,依靠合金膏剂的毛细孔隙浸透铁水,经铁水和合金颗粒的界面作用,降低合金颗粒熔点,引起膏剂熔化与铸件熔合成一个整体。合金层可以按使用要求设计成耐磨、耐蚀和耐热的。这样,铸件表面在凝固过程中就能一次完成合金化,而无须顾及高合金的整体铸造性能.作者经过二百余种方案的试验,在实验室条件下,浇注200×360×40毫米平板铸铁件,获得的最大深度达10毫米左右。并试浇了200×300×12毫米的抛砂机护板。快速磨损试验的结果表明:抗磨合金层比普通灰铸铁母材(HT15—33)耐磨性提高5～6倍。由此可见,经过表层合金化的铸铁件,其耐磨性会显著提高。本文叙述了表层合金化的铸造工艺参数、合金膏剂的粒度和配比、粘结剂、熔剂对合金层厚度和熔合质量的影响。较为系统地研究了灰铸铁件合金层的组织和性能,也探讨了球墨铸铁和白口铁进行表层合金化的可能性。大量的试验表明:合金层厚度及与母材熔合质量主要取决于合金膏剂的厚度和组成、铸件大小和主要壁厚、浇注温度以及它们之间恰当的配合。本文附图18、表12.
Surface alloying is in the mold cavity mold wall coating, spraying, affixed alloy particles paste, when pouring molten iron, relying on the capillary porosity of alloy paste impregnated molten iron, molten iron and alloy particles through the interface, reducing the alloy particles melting point , Causing the melting of the paste and casting fused into a whole. Alloy layer can be designed according to the requirements of wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant and heat-resistant. Thus, the casting surface in the solidification process can be completed at once, without having to take into account the overall high-alloy casting performance of the author after more than 200 kinds of program tests, under laboratory conditions, casting 200 × 360 × 40 mm flat cast iron Pieces, get the maximum depth of about 10 mm. And pouring a 200 × 300 × 12 mm throwing machine shield. Rapid wear test results show that: wear-resistant alloy layer than ordinary gray cast iron base metal (HT15-33) wear resistance increased by 5 to 6 times. Thus, after the surface alloying of cast iron, its wear resistance will be significantly improved. This article describes the surface alloying of the casting process parameters, alloy paste size and ratio, binder, flux on the alloy layer thickness and the quality of the fusion. The microstructure and properties of the gray cast iron alloy layer were systematically studied. The possibility of surface alloying of the ductile iron and the white iron was also discussed. Numerous experiments show that the thickness of the alloy layer and the quality of fusion with the base metal mainly depend on the thickness and composition of the alloy paste, the size and thickness of the casting, the main wall thickness, the pouring temperature and the proper fit between them. Figure 18, Table 12.