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落叶松是我国北方最主要的人工用材林树种,由于人工林树种单一、结构简单等原因,导致土壤养分循环出现失衡.研究落叶松生物量和养分元素分配规律,可以为落叶松人工林的合理经营和养分循环研究提供科学参考.本文以辽东山区19年生二代落叶松人工林(胸径12.8 cm,树高15.3 m,密度2308株·hm-2)为对象,研究其地上各器官(干、枝、皮、叶)生物量、碳和养分元素含量(N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn)的积累规律和分配格局.结果表明:单株落叶松生物量为70.26 kg,林分水平落叶松生物量为162.16 t·hm-2,各器官生物量差异显著,排序为:树干>树枝>树皮>树叶;单株落叶松养分积累量为749.94 g,林分水平落叶松养分积累量为1730.86 kg·hm-2,其中,大量元素和微量元素的养分积累量均为树干显著高于树枝、树皮和树叶.全叶期每砍伐一棵落叶松(19年生),平均从系统中带出749.94 g养分元素;如果将树皮、树枝、树叶留在林地仅仅带走树干,带出的养分元素可减少40.7%.
Larch is the most important plantation timber species in northern China, which causes imbalance of soil nutrient cycling due to single plantation species and simple structure, etc. The study on the biomass and nutrient distribution of Larix gmelinii can provide scientific basis for rational management of Larch plantation And nutrient cycling research in this paper.According to the 19-year-old second-generation Larix plantation (12.8 cm in diameter, 15.3 m in height and 2308 plants in hm-2 density) P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn) in leaves, roots, leaves and leaves of the plant were studied.The results showed that the biomass of Larix olgensis was 70.26 kg, and the biomass of larch was 162.16 t · hm-2 in stand level, with significant difference in biomass of all organs. The order was: trunk> branch> bark> leaves; the accumulation of single larch was 749.94 g, The accumulation of nutrients in larch was 1730.86 kg · hm-2, in which, the accumulation of macronutrients and trace elements were significantly higher than that of branches, barks and leaves. , With an average of 749.94 g nutrients from the system If you leave the bark, branches and leaves in the woods and just take away the trunk, the amount of nutrients brought out will be reduced by 40.7%.