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向日葵的异交率高达95％以上,因此品种是一个杂合的群体,遗传基础复杂,但每一品种的生态表现均受其相对稳定的基因型所控制,故生态表现也相对的稳定。然而,向日葵主要靠蜜蜂传粉,极易造成生物学混杂,导致品种退化。所以,作为典型虫媒异交作物的向日葵对良种繁育条件的要求高于风媒传粉的玉米,高梁等作物,在良种繁育上要求也高。
The outcrossing rate of sunflower is more than 95%, so the breed is a heterozygous group with complex genetic basis. However, the ecological performance of each breed is controlled by its relatively stable genotype, so its ecological performance is also relatively stable. However, sunflower is mainly pollinated by bees, which can easily cause biological confusion and lead to the degeneration of varieties. Therefore, sunflower, which is a typical insect-resistant crop, has higher requirements on seed breeding conditions than corn, sorghum and other crops pollinated by wind-pollinators and has high requirements on breeding.