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腎臟的病理生理 腎臟是机体的重要器官之一。在高等動物,腎臟的功能不僅是排洩机体出代謝所產生的廢物,而更重要的是通过腎臟的排尿來維持体內各項平衡,如體液、酸鹼度和鈉,鉀等重要电解質的平衡等。通过这些机制,机体虽处在極複雜的外在环境中,其內部仍能保持一个穩定的环境,適於各种器官、各類細胞的生存和活動。当腎臟遭受到疾病的侵害,使腎小球、腎小管破坏到一定程度時,便引起腎臟功能的障碍,使上述各項平衡机制發生紊乱,胃功能發生障碍的程度、緩急和表現依其病理情况而異,但總的來說,可有下列变化:
The pathophysiology of the kidneys Kidney is one of the important organs of the body. In higher animals, the function of the kidneys is not only to excrete waste generated by the body’s metabolism, but more importantly to maintain the body’s balance through the urination of the kidneys such as body fluids, pH and the balance of important electrolytes such as sodium and potassium . Through these mechanisms, the body is still in a very complex external environment, maintaining a stable environment, suitable for a variety of organs, all kinds of cell survival and activity. When the kidneys suffer from the disease, so that the glomerular and tubular destruction to a certain extent, they cause renal dysfunction, so that the balance of the mechanism of disorder, the degree of gastric dysfunction, the priority and performance according to their pathology The situation varies, but in general there are the following changes: