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目的:探讨乳腺癌与乳腺增生症、乳腺纤维腺瘤细针穿刺细胞学的鉴别诊断要点。方法:回顾性分析195例乳腺癌、109例乳腺纤维腺瘤、106例乳腺增生症患者年龄特点、肿块表现、针刺特点和细胞学特点。结果:195例乳腺癌,多数表现为:年龄≥45岁,脆样穿刺针感,容易吸出物质,细胞排列杂乱、疏松,核增大、呈圆形,核质比增大,核大小差异明显,散在细胞胞质完整、核呈圆形,不见肌上皮细胞,其相对病例数均明显高于乳腺纤维腺瘤、乳腺增生症,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01);部分表现为:有同侧腋窝淋巴结转移,穿刺针感软,以散在或小细胞群为主,核边缘不整齐,核质比减小,核仁增大,其相对病例数也明显高于乳腺纤维腺瘤、乳腺增生症,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。结论:以上表现是乳腺癌与乳腺纤维腺瘤、乳腺增生症细针穿刺细胞学的鉴别诊断要点,充分掌握这些要点,将有助于对乳腺癌与乳腺增生症和乳腺纤维腺瘤的鉴别诊断。
Objective: To explore the differential diagnosis of breast cancer and breast hyperplasia, fine needle aspiration cytology of breast fibroadenoma. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 195 cases of breast cancer, 109 cases of breast fibroadenoma, 106 cases of breast hyperplasia patients age characteristics, mass performance, acupuncture and cytology characteristics. Results: In 195 cases of breast cancer, the majority showed as: age> 45 years old, brittle needle punctured easily sucked material, cells arranged disorderly, loose, nucleus enlarged, round, nuclear to cytoplasm ratio increased, nuclear size difference was obvious , The scattered cytoplasm was complete, the nucleus was round, and the myometrium was not seen. The relative number of cases was significantly higher than that of fibroadenoma and mammary gland hyperplasia (all P <0.01) There are ipsilateral axillary lymph node metastasis, puncture needle, soft, scattered or small cell population, irregular nucleus, nuclear mass ratio decreased, nucleolus increased, the relative number of cases was significantly higher than that of breast fibroadenoma, Hyperplasia of mammary glands, the difference was statistically significant (all P <0.01). Conclusion: The above findings are the differential diagnosis points of fine needle aspiration cytology between breast cancer and breast fibroadenoma and breast hyperplasia. To master these points fully will be helpful to the differential diagnosis between breast cancer and breast hyperplasia and breast fibroadenoma .