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目的:本研究通过分析短跑途中跑支撑期下肢关节各种力矩分量,探寻下肢动力学与股后肌损伤的内在联系。方法:8名短跑运动员为受试者,采用即时红外高速摄影技术及三维测力台,引入环节互动动力学方法计算分析短跑最大速度阶段支撑期的下肢关节力矩,研究各种力矩分量(含肌肉力矩、地面反作用力力矩、惯性力矩等)在膝、髋关节处产生的作用,分析在支撑期股后肌的受力及作用情况。结果显示:触地初期,地面反作用力通过膝、髋关节前方,在膝关节处产生伸膝力矩,在髋关节处产生屈髋力矩,为抵抗这一力矩,股后肌群收缩产生屈膝力矩和伸髋力矩分别为231.09±99.04Nm和453.15±199.06Nm。结论:触地初期股后肌承受极大的负荷,是股后肌损伤发生的高危险期。
OBJECTIVE: In this study, by analyzing the various moment components of lower extremity joints during running support during the sprint, the intrinsic relationship between lower limb dynamics and the posterior part of the posterior femoral muscle was probed. Methods: Eight sprinters were used as subjects. The instantaneous infrared high-speed photographic technique and three-dimensional force measuring table were used to calculate the moment of lower extremity joint during the maximal speed of sprint. The torque components (including muscle Torque, ground reaction torque, moment of inertia, etc.) in the knee and hip joint role in the analysis of the supportive period of the posterior muscle force and role. The results show that in the initial stage of touchdown, the ground reaction force passes knee anterior and posterior hips and produces knee extensor torque at the knee joint and produces hip flexion torque at the hip joint. In order to resist this moment, Hip moments were 231.09 ± 99.04 Nm and 453.15 ± 199.06 Nm, respectively. CONCLUSION: The posterior subcontral muscle undergoes great load during the initial touchdown, which is a high risk period for the occurrence of posterior muscle injury.