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人们都说,海南最大的优势是生态,海南最硬的王牌是生态。我还要说一句,海南最大的财富是生态。这种说法是有充分根据的。从广义说来,生态就是人类赖以生存和发展的自然环境,包括自然资源和生态环境。其价值包括有形的实体的价值和无形的服务的价值。人们通常对前者如木材、煤炭、石油等有形的价值比较重视,而对后者如景观、森林、水域等资源为人类提供的多方面的生态服务性功能的价值却严重忽视。其实,生态环境的无形价值绝不次于甚至远远大于其有形价值。据专家测算,吉林省长白山自然保护区1671平方公里天然林每年提供的木材的经济价值仅705.6万元,而每年提供的生物多样性等多方面的无形价值却达72亿多元。后者是前者的100多倍,是每年投入相关保护资金的3400多倍!如果把那里的树都砍了卖木材,那不是天大的失算吗?
People say that Hainan’s biggest advantage is ecology, and Hainan’s hardest trump card is ecology. I would also like to say one thing, Hainan’s biggest wealth is ecology. This argument is fully justified. In a broad sense, ecology is the natural environment upon which human beings depend for survival and development, including natural resources and ecological environment. Its value includes the value of tangible entities and the value of intangible services. People usually pay more attention to the former’s tangible value such as timber, coal and petroleum, while the value of the ecological, service functions provided by human beings such as landscapes, forests and water resources are neglected seriously. In fact, the invisible value of the ecological environment is by no means even far greater than its tangible value. According to experts’ calculations, the economic value of timber provided by the 1,671 square kilometers of natural forests in Changbai Mountain Nature Reserve in Jilin Province is only 7.06 million yuan per year, while the intangible value of biological diversity and other aspects provided in each year has reached more than 7.2 billion yuan. The latter is more than 100 times the former, is the annual investment in 3400 times the protection of funds! If the trees are cut where the sale of timber, it is not a big miscalculation?