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本文就近年来狂犬病研究的某些成就综述如下。狂犬病毒随着病毒学与免疫学的发展,以及采用电子显微镜、荧光抗体、放射免疫以及单克隆抗体(monoclonàl antibody)等新技术,使我们对狂犬病毒有了进一步认识。 (一)形态与结构狂犬病毒属于棒状病毒(rhabdoyirus)属狂犬病毒组,在电子显微镜下酷似子弹形。它是一种核糖核酸病毒。内层为核壳体,内含40毫微米核心。外层为致密的外膜,外膜表面有许多钉状突起。核壳体由核蛋白组成;外膜的主要成份是糖蛋白;外膜上有血凝素,是一种脂蛋白,可以凝集鹅与雏鸡血球。 (二)抗原结构核蛋白是组特异性共同抗原,诱生补体结合抗体,无保护作用。狂犬病毒的保护性抗原主要集中在病毒外膜的糖蛋白部分,其诱生的中和抗体,对狂犬病毒攻击有保护作用。血凝素可产生血凝抑制抗体。近年来,在应用单克隆抗体技术分析狂犬病毒抗原结构研究中,在非洲发现了几种类狂犬病毒:如Lagos bat、MokoIa
In this paper, some achievements of rabies research in recent years are summarized as follows. With the development of virology and immunology and the adoption of new technologies such as electron microscopy, fluorescent antibodies, radioimmunoassays and monoclonal antibodies, rabies virus has brought us further knowledge of rabies virus. (A) morphology and structure Rabies virus belongs to the genus of rabies virus (rhabdoyirus) rabies virus group, under the electron microscope resembles bullet-shaped. It is a ribonucleic acid virus. The inner core shell, containing 40 nm core. The outer layer is a dense outer membrane, there are many spikes on the surface of the outer membrane. The nucleocapsid consists of nucleoproteins; the major component of the outer membrane is glycoprotein; hemagglutinin on the outer membrane, which is a lipoprotein that agglutinates the blood cells of goose and chickens. (B) antigen structure Nuclear protein is a group-specific common antigen induced complement fixation antibody, no protective effect. Rabies virus protective antigen is mainly concentrated in the outer glycoprotein portion of the virus, the induced neutralizing antibodies, rabies virus attacks have a protective effect. Hemagglutinin can produce hemagglutination inhibition antibodies. In recent years, several types of rabies virus have been found in Africa in the analysis of the antigenic structure of rabies virus using monoclonal antibody technology: Lagos bat, MokoIa