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目的 探讨谷胱甘肽 - S-转移酶 M1(glutathione S- transferase M1,GSTM1)空白基因型与喉癌遗传易感性的关系。方法 应用聚合酶链反应对 6 2例喉鳞状细胞癌患者和 5 6例住院非肿瘤患者为对照的 GSTM1基因型进行了检测 ,按吸烟指数 (smoking index,SI)不同分析患癌风险。结果 喉癌组的GSTM1空白基因型频率为 72 .5 8% ,对照组为 5 0 % ,两者差异有显著性 (χ2 =6 .36 ,P=0 .0 12 ) ,比值比值为 2 .6 5 (95 %可信限区间 1.2 4～ 5 .5 7)。在高吸烟剂量组 (SI>40 0 ) ,具有 GSTM1空白基因型的个体患喉癌的相对危险度是 4.6 8(95 % CI为 1.5 1～ 14.5 1)。结论 GSTM1是喉癌的易感位点 ,GSTM1空白基因型个体患癌风险增加 ,在喉癌发生中与吸烟具有协同作用。
Objective To investigate the relationship between glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) genotypes and genetic susceptibility to laryngeal cancer. Methods Sixty-two patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and 56 inpatients with non-neoplastic disease were detected by PCR. The genotype of GSTM1 was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the risk of cancer was analyzed according to smoking index (SI). Results The frequency of GSTM1 was 72.58% in control group and 50% in control group (χ2 = 6.36, P = 0.012). The odds ratio was 2. 6 5 (95% confidence interval 1.2 4 ~ 5 .5 7). In the high smoking dose group (SI> 40 0), individuals with GSTM1 null genotype had a relative risk of laryngeal cancer of 4.6 8 (95% CI 1.51-14.5 1). Conclusions GSTM1 is a predisposing site for laryngeal cancer. GSTM1 null genotypes have an increased risk of cancer and synergistic effect with smoking in the development of laryngeal cancer.