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应用聚合酶链反应（PCR）和限制性片段长度多态性（RFLP）分析，建立了沙眼衣原体（Ct）直接检测及基因分型的方法。与细胞培养法比较，评价其检测的敏感性。400份性病门诊患者的泌尿生殖道标本同时用培养和质粒PCR检测Ct，结果29份标本培养阳性，其中28份标本质粒PCR阳性，另有5份培养阴性的标本质粒PCR阳性。对培养和质粒PCR阳性的标本进一步做主要外膜蛋白基因（ompl）PCR或ompl巢式PCR，结果32份标本omplPCR或ompl巢式PCR阳性。将阳性标本的ompl产物用AluI和MspI等限制性内切酶酶切，产生的酶切带谱与标准株带谱比较，以鉴定阳性标本的基因型。结果E型为13份标本，F：6、G：4、D：3、J：2、K：2、H：1、非典型：1。研究表明：PCR－RFLP可直接检测及基因分型泌尿生殖道标本中的Ct，为一种敏感的血清分型替代方法。
The methods of direct detection and genotyping of Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) were established by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. Compared with the cell culture method, the sensitivity of the test was evaluated. Genitourinary tract specimens from 400 STD clinics were tested for Ct by both culture and plasmid PCR. Twenty-nine specimens were positive for culture, of which 28 were positive for PCR and 5 were negative for culture-positive specimens. The main outer membrane protein gene (ompl) PCR or ompl nested PCR was further performed on the culture-positive and plasmid PCR-positive samples. As a result, 32 samples of omplPCR or ompl nested PCR were positive. The positive specimen ompl products with AluI and MspI and other restriction endonucleases digestion, the resulting enzyme digestion band spectrum and standard strains compared to identify the positive specimen genotype. Results E - type was 13 specimens, F: 6, G: 4, D: 3, J: 2, K: 2, H: 1 and atypical: 1. Studies have shown that PCR-RFLP can directly detect and genotype genitourinary tract specimens of Ct, as a sensitive alternative serotyping method.