一、数学模型 1.非恒定流基本方程式与假定 当坝完全或部分溃决时,在坝下游河道产生溃坝洪水波,其前沿是以间断波形式向前推前。适合于这一问题的基本方程式圣·维南(Saint-Venant)方程式,它包括连续方程与运动方程: (1) First, the mathematical model 1. Unsteady flow of the basic equations and assumptions When the dam completely or partially collapsed, the dam downstream the river dam-break flood waves, the front is in the form of intermittent waves forward. The Saint-Venant equation that is suitable for this problem includes continuous equations and kinematic equations: (1)