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前言灰铸铁是最古老的铸造合金之一,迄今已有几千年的历史。到目前为止,世界各国的每年灰铸铁产量占铸铁总产量的60～80%。我国铸铁件的产量约占铸件总产量的84%,而灰铸铁件又约占铸铁件总产量的86%,但高强度灰铸铁的比重却很小。长期以来,我国把主要力量投入球铁、蠕铁和特种铸铁的实验研究,对灰铸铁的生产术技重视不够,因而在高强度灰铸件的强度、铸造工艺、耐磨性、寿命、断面敏感性、加工性能等方面,均与国外有较大差距。近年来,国内的铸造工作者意识到这个问题,并大力开展了这方面的研究工作,在下列三个方面取得了明显的新的进展。
Preface Gray cast iron is one of the oldest foundry alloys, dating back thousands of years. So far, the annual output of gray cast iron in various countries in the world accounts for 60-80% of the total output of cast iron. China’s castings account for about 84% of the total castings, while gray castings account for about 86% of the total castings, but the proportion of high-strength gray cast iron is very small. For a long time, our country put the main force into the ductile iron, vermicular iron and special cast iron experimental research, the production of gray cast iron technology is not enough, so the strength of high strength gray castings, casting technology, wear resistance, life expectancy, section sensitivity Sex, processing performance, etc., both with a larger gap with foreign countries. In recent years, domestic foundry workers are aware of this problem and vigorously carried out research work in this area, making obvious new progress in the following three aspects.