塔斯玛尼亚是澳大利亚唯一的岛州,位于澳州东南部,岛呈心型,面积90758平方公里,人口51万余,因1642年荷兰探险家塔斯曼发现此岛而得名。1790年英国人登岛,1825年沦为英殖民地,1850年代前后作为犯人流放地。1901年澳州联邦成立,塔斯玛尼亚加入成其一州。其最著名景点当数亚瑟港历史遗迹,这里不仅是一座古老而宏大的监狱,而且是一个完整的社区,包括牢房、法院、医院、石灰窑、造船厂、警戒塔、军官营房、牧师寓所、政府小屋、轮渡码头、死亡之岛、少年犯监狱、圣大卫教堂等30多处历史上有名的建筑,面海背山,周边景色宜人,已被列为澳大利亚囚犯遗迹世界遗产名胜。塔斯玛尼亚首府霍巴特是岛上最大的城市,背倚威灵顿山,海岸线弯曲优美,以帆船比赛闻名于世,其市区不乏英国殖民时期的建筑 Tasmania is Australia’s only island state, located in southeastern Australia, the island was heart-shaped, with an area of ​​90,758 square kilometers and a population of more than 510000, because 1642 Dutch explorer Tasman discovered the island. Britain in 1790 landing on the island, became British colony in 1825, exiled as a prisoner before and after the 1850s. The Commonwealth of Australia was founded in 1901, and Tasmania joined in one of the states. Its most famous attraction is Port Arthur’s historic site, which is not only an ancient and magnificent prison, but also a complete community including a prison cell, a court, a hospital, a lime kiln, a shipyard, a guard tower, an army barracks, a pastor’s apartment More than 30 historic buildings, including government huts, ferry piers, island of death, juvenile delinquents and St. David’s Basilica, have a beautiful view of the surrounding area and are listed as world heritage sites for the remains of Australian prisoners. Hobart, the capital of Tasmania, is the largest city on the island, resting on Wellington Hill with a beautifully curved coastline and renowned for its sailing competitions, with many of its colonial buildings in the city