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目的分析荆州市2005—2015年流行性腮腺炎的流行病学特征,为今后开展腮腺炎防控提供参考。方法运用描述性流行病学方法对荆州市2005—2015年报告的流行性腮腺炎病例进行分析。结果 2005—2015年荆州市共报告流行性腮腺炎病例9 899例,年均报告发病率为15.38/10万,5~7月为高发季节,间隔5年出现一次流行。4~8岁的学生和托幼儿童为主要发病人群。中心城区(荆州区和沙市区)发病率高于其他县市(χ2=337 667 356.43,P<0.01),男性发病率高于女性。结论做好针对幼儿园、学校的预防接种证查验工作,及时对漏种麻腮风疫苗儿童补种疫苗。落实校园的晨检午检制度,及时发现、隔离传染源。广泛开展健康教育,加强自我防护意识是防控流行性腮腺炎的适宜策略和长效机制。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of mumps from 2005 to 2015 in Jingzhou City and provide reference for mumps prevention and control in the future. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the reported cases of mumps from 2005 to 2015 in Jingzhou City. Results A total of 9 899 cases of mumps were reported in Jingzhou from 2005 to 2015, with an average annual incidence rate of 15.38 / 100 000. The epidemic occurred in May to July in the high season with an interval of 5 years. 4 to 8-year-old students and nurseries as the main group of patients. The incidence rate of central urban area (Jingzhou District and Shashi District) was higher than that of other counties (χ2 = 337 667 356.43, P <0.01), and the incidence of male was higher than that of female. Conclusion To do a good job in kindergarten, school vaccination card inspection work, timely leakage of MMR vaccine children vaccination. The implementation of the campus morning inspection system, timely detection, isolation of sources of infection. Extensively carry out health education and strengthen self-protection awareness are appropriate strategies and long-term mechanisms to prevent and control mumps.