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基于青藏高原昆仑山玉珠峰冰川Core 1冰芯钻取过程中所获得的相关资料,揭示出在该冰芯钻取点处的冰川内部34.34~34.64m深度段存在一个富含水冰层,其未冻水(液态水)具有承压性质,水头高度至少可达到8.54m.该富含水冰层的存在不仅对冰川温度场带来了极大的影响,而且使该层中δ18 O记录趋于均一化.通过分析,揭示出该富含水冰层中可溶杂质离子浓度明显高于其上部冰层中的可溶杂质离子浓度,这是富含水冰层在形成初期其上部粒雪层融水下渗所引起的可溶杂质离子淋溶的结果.同时,研究表明玉珠峰冰川粒雪中可溶杂质离子的优先淋溶顺序为NO-3>Mg2+>Na+>Cl->K+>SO2-4>Ca2+>NH+4.提出可利用最易淋溶离子的浓度与最不易淋溶离子的浓度之比值,来判断冰雪层中可溶杂质离子浓度峰值是否与淋溶有关.结合青藏高原其他地点冰芯钻取过程中发现的富含水冰层状况,认为青藏高原冰川内部富含水冰层不是在整个冰川区域内呈层状分布,而是在冰川内部呈透镜状分布.冰川内部富含水冰层的存在,表明其形成初期气候相对较暖.最后,阐明了青藏高原冰川中富含水冰层的形成机理与演化过程,并预测了其潜在的灾害效应.
Based on the data obtained during Core 1 ice core drilling of the Yuzhufeng Glacier in the Kunlun Mountains, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, it is revealed that there is a water-rich ice layer in the depth of 34.34 ~ 34.64m in the ice core drilling site, Its unfrozen water (liquid water) is under pressure and its head height is at least 8.54 m. The existence of ice-rich water layer not only greatly affects the glacier’s temperature field, but also makes the δ18O record Tends to be homogenized.According to the analysis, it is revealed that the concentration of soluble impurity ions in the ice-rich water layer is significantly higher than the concentration of soluble impurity ions in the upper ice layer, which is rich in ice layer in the early formation of the upper particle The results show that the order of preferential leaching of soluble impurity ions in the snow of Yugufeng glacier is NO-3> Mg2 +> Na +> Cl-> K +> SO2-4> Ca2 +> NH + 4. It is proposed that the ratio of the concentration of the most leachable ion to the concentration of the most lean ion can be used to determine whether the peak of the soluble impurity ion concentration in the ice layer is related to leaching. Based on the situation of ice-rich water layer found during the ice core drilling at other places in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, it is considered that the Qinghai-Tibet The ice-rich water layer inside the original glacier is not layered in the entire glacier region, but is in a lens-like distribution within the glacier.The presence of ice-rich water layer in the glacier shows that the initial climate is relatively warmer.Finally, The formation mechanism and evolution process of water-rich ice layer in glaciers of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are clarified and their potential disaster effects are predicted.