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糖尿病是由多种因素引起的一种全身性代谢异常综合征,Ⅰ型糖尿病患者中甲状腺功能异常的发生率高于正常人群。两者具有共同的遗传免疫学基础,表现为激素水平、自身抗体表达等方面的异常,且其表现与年龄、性别、糖尿病病程、血糖控制情况等有关。两者合并发生与细胞毒性T细胞相关抗原-4基因、蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶非受体型22基因、人类白细胞抗原HLA基因及Xp的FOXP3基因等基因多态性关系密切。血清抗体的检测有助于提早发现疾病,尽早治疗。目前两者合并发生的机制尚未完全明了,需开展更多研究。
Diabetes mellitus is a systemic metabolic syndrome caused by a variety of factors, and the incidence of thyroid dysfunction in patients with type 1 diabetes is higher than in the general population. Both have a common basis of genetic immunology, manifested as abnormal hormone levels, autoantibodies and other aspects, and its performance and age, gender, duration of diabetes, blood glucose control and so on. The two genes are closely related to the genetic polymorphisms of cytotoxic T cell associated antigen-4 gene, protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 22 gene, human leukocyte antigen HLA gene and Xp FOXP3 gene. Detection of serum antibodies can help early detection of disease, early treatment. At present, the mechanism for the merger between the two has not yet been fully understood and more research is needed.