胆道感染细菌学的研究,在过去的很长一段时间内主要集中在需氧菌方面。七十年代以来,由于厌氧菌培养技术取得重大进展,感染胆汁标本中的厌氧菌检出率大大提高,推动了胆道厌氧菌的研究。目前,厌氧菌在胆道感染中的作用和意义已日益引起广泛重视,同时,对厌氧菌感染的治疗,尤其是药物治疗,也有了不少新的认识。 微生物学特征 胆道厌氧菌感染有二个显著的特征,即内源性感染和混合性感染。 一、内源性感染 厌氧菌广泛地存在人体肠道内,是重要的正常 Bacteriological studies of biliary tract infections have for the most part been focused on aerobic bacteria for a long time. Since seventies, due to the significant progress made in anaerobic culture technology, the detection rate of anaerobic bacteria in infected bile samples has greatly increased, promoting the study of biliary anaerobic bacteria. At present, the role and significance of anaerobic bacteria in biliary tract infection have attracted more and more attention. At the same time, there are many new understandings about the treatment of anaerobic infections, especially the drug treatment. Microbiological characteristics Biliary anaerobic infections have two notable features, namely, endogenous infections and mixed infections. First, the endogenous infection Anaerobic bacteria widely present in the human intestine, it is important to normal