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目的分析汕头地区117例甲型H1N1流感疑似病例的流行病学特点,为制定本地区甲型H1N1流感防控策略提供科学的依据。方法对2009年11月～2010年4月汕头市报告的117名甲型H1N1流感疑似病例的临床表现、并发症及病毒核酸检测结果等进行分析。结果 117名疑似病例中,男70名,女47名,男女性别比为1.49︰1,中位数年龄为20.5岁(0.25～58岁)。常见的临床症状为发热(在38.1℃～39℃之间为76例,占64.9%)、咳嗽(41例,35.0%),咽痛(42例,35.9%),头晕(34例,29.0%),头痛(38例,32.5%),乏力(45例,38.4%)。其中重症病例为56例,占总病例数的47.8%。重症病例的肺炎并发症发生率和甲型H1N1流感病毒核酸检测阳性率分别为23.2%和69.6%,均远高于普通病例组。结论本地区的甲型H1N1流感主要侵袭年轻人,以本地人群为主;普通病例报告水平不够,以致重症病例比例偏高,应加强监测工作;人群对甲型H1N1流感缺乏免疫力,容易出现症状较重的病例。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of 117 suspected cases of influenza A (H1N1) in Shantou area and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control strategies of Influenza A (H1N1) in this area. Methods The clinical manifestations, complications and viral nucleic acid test results of 117 suspected H1N1 influenza cases reported in Shantou from November 2009 to April 2010 were analyzed. Results Of 117 suspected cases, 70 were male and 47 were female, with a sex ratio of 1.49︰1. The median age was 20.5 years (0.25-58 years). Common clinical symptoms were fever (76 in 38.1 ° C to 39 ° C, accounting for 64.9%), cough (41, 35.0%), sore throat (42, 35.9%) and dizziness (34, 29.0% ), Headache (38 cases, 32.5%), weakness (45 cases, 38.4%). 56 cases of severe cases, accounting for 47.8% of the total number of cases. The incidence of pneumonia complication and the positive rate of influenza A (H1N1) virus nucleic acid detection in severe cases were 23.2% and 69.6% respectively, which were much higher than those in common cases. Conclusion Influenza A (H1N1) in the region mainly affects young people, mainly local people; the reported level of common cases is not enough, so that the proportion of severe cases is high, and the monitoring work should be strengthened; the population is not immune to the H1N1 flu and is prone to symptoms Heavier cases.