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以前有关高温气流温度测量的动态热偶法的文章都假定,探头的热惯性系数不随丝温变化,且探头的热辐射可忽略不计。可是我们的分析表明,这样做会使外推出的气流温度大为偏低。本文对于我们实验中使用的镍铬-镍铝热电偶,提出了一种新的推算高温气流温度的办法。其中根据热偶材料的比热实验数据,假定热惯性系数T按T=To(1+at)规律随丝温变化,方法中也可考虑辐射影响。对于最高达2500℃的气流温度(速度约100米/秒),新推算方法给出了令人满意的结果(和标准值比较误差在±6%以内)。我们在实验中发现,探头热结点尺寸对于推算结果有很大影响;还发现,采用动态热偶法实测的对流传热系数α,可以使我们能对同尺寸的稳态热偶作出更精确的辐射修正。
Previous articles on dynamic thermocouple measurements of high-temperature airflow temperatures assumed that the thermal inertia coefficient of the probe did not vary with wire temperature and that the heat radiation from the probe was negligible. However, our analysis shows that doing so will make the temperature of the extrapolated air flow much lower. In this paper, we propose a new method to calculate the temperature of high temperature gas flow for the NiCr-NiAl thermocouple used in our experiment. Among them, according to the experimental data of specific heat of the thermocouple material, it is assumed that the thermal inertia coefficient T changes with the silk temperature according to the law of T = To (1 + at). The radiation effect may also be considered in the method. The new method gives satisfactory results (up to ± 6% error compared to the standard value) for airflow temperatures up to 2500 ° C at a speed of about 100 m / s. We found in experiments that the size of the hot junction of the probe has a great influence on the calculation results. It is also found that the convective heat transfer coefficient α measured by the dynamic thermocouple method enables us to make more accurate the steady-state thermocouple of the same size Radiation correction.