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目的了解汽车生产企业职业病危害情况,为汽车制造行业的职业病危害防制提供对策。方法依据国家相关的职业卫生标准和职业监护技术规范,对金华市某客车生产企业作业场所进行职业卫生学调查和卫生检测,对职业病危害作业人员进行职业健康检查。结果该企业作业场所粉尘浓度超标率为25.93%;噪声强度超标率为58.82%;二氧化锰浓度超标率为11.11%。职业健康检查发现噪声职业禁忌证8人;电焊工尘肺观察对象3人,但未发现有疑似职业病病例。调查结果分析提示,冲压、焊接、打磨和锯木等岗位为职业病危害控制重点岗位。结论该企业职业病危害较重,应以职业病危害控制重点岗位粉尘、噪声治理为切入点,不断改善劳动环境条件,减少或消除职业病危害。
Objective To understand the situation of occupational hazards in automobile manufacturing enterprises and to provide countermeasures for the prevention of occupational hazards in the automobile manufacturing industry. Methods According to the national occupational health standards and occupational custody technical specifications, occupational hygiene investigation and hygiene testing were conducted on the workplace of a bus manufacturer in Jinhua City, and occupational health checkup was conducted on occupational hazards workers. Results The dust concentration exceeded the standard at the workplace was 25.93%, the noise intensity exceeded the standard rate of 58.82% and the manganese dioxide exceeded the rate of 11.11%. Occupational Health Examination found that noise occupational contraindications 8; welders pneumoconiosis observation of 3 people, but did not find any suspected cases of occupational diseases. Survey results suggest that stamping, welding, grinding and sawing posts and other positions for occupational hazards control key positions. Conclusion The enterprise occupational hazards are serious, occupational disease hazards should focus on job control dust, noise control as the starting point, and constantly improve the working conditions of the environment, reduce or eliminate occupational hazards.