一引言关于发展问题的争论很大程度上都围绕人们是看重物质资源还是看重社会关系而展开,二者既是目的又是手段。当一个人或组织寻求帮助他人的时候,这些争论就特别明显。比如,有人将食品转移斥责为施惠,也有人赞扬它是社会保护,这要看和食品转移相伴随的社会和象征性妥协而定。 I. INTRODUCTION The controversy over development has largely centered around whether people value material resources or value social relations, both of which are goals and means. These debates are particularly evident when one person or organization seeks to help others. For example, some people criticize the transfer of food as a benefit, others praised it as social protection, depending on the social and symbolic compromise that accompanies food transfer.