本文讨论几种向学生介绍文学作品的方法,其间,我们讲述四种教学活动。每项活动均是在学生开始阅读一篇陌生作品之前,向其介绍该作品的一个重要方面。目的和方法让学生开展阅读前的活动旨在: ——激发其对作品的好奇心——鼓励学生揣测作品内容——向学生提供背景知识(如,他们不熟悉的文学传统或流派) 我们采取一种以学生为中心的方法对教授文学,这通常是由学生参加小组或配对活动来完成教学目的。活动虽然本文中提及的例子只针对具体作品,但其活动本身可作修改使之适应任何较长的作品。这些活动可涉及叙述、环境,风格、人物、主题、背景知识或作品其它主要方面。选择活动要依靠作品本身所能提供的 This article discusses several ways to introduce students to literature, during which we cover four types of instructional activities. Each activity introduces an important aspect of the work before the student begins to read an unfamiliar piece. Purposes and Approaches Students pre-reading activities are designed to: - stimulate their curiosity in their work - encourage students to speculate on the content of the work - provide students with background knowledge (eg, literary traditions or genres they are unfamiliar with) A student-centered approach to teaching literature, which is usually done by students participating in groups or matching activities. Activities Although the examples mentioned in this article are specific to a particular work, the activity itself can be modified to accommodate any longer work. These activities may involve narrative, environment, style, persona, subject, background knowledge or other major aspects of the work. Choosing activities depends on what the work itself can offer