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以三疣梭子蟹莱州湾、舟山野生群体杂交(莱州湾♀×舟山♂)产生F2代家系63个个体及F1代亲本为实验群体,采用AFLP分子标记对其进行遗传分析。35对选择性引物共扩增出1742个位点,其中分离位点为417个,不分离位点为1325个,多态位点比例为23.9%。在分离位点中,符合1∶1孟德尔分离比例的位点为226个,占总分离位点数的54.2%;偏离1∶1孟德尔分离比例的位点为31个,占总分离位点数7.4%。符合3∶1孟德尔分离比例的位点为128个,占总分离位点数的30.7%;偏离3∶1孟德尔分离比例的位点为32个,占总分离位点数的7.7%。家系内基因多样性指数为0.130,Shannon指数为0.193。遗传距离分析显示,子代个体与母本Nei’s遗传距离介于0.064～0.111之间,与父本Nei’s遗传距离介于0.065～0.107之间。其中,63号个体与48号个体分别与父、母本亲缘关系最远。本实验中,偏分离位点比例属正常范围,杂交F2代家系遗传多样性偏低。本研究结果为三疣梭子蟹野生群体及家系遗传多样性分析,遗传连锁图谱构建等方面提供一定的技术支持。
Sixty-three F2 generation pedigrees and F1 generation parents were selected as the experimental population with Portunus trituberculatus Laizhou Bay and Zhoushan wild population (Laizhou Bay ♀ × Zhoushan ♂). The AFLP markers were used for genetic analysis. A total of 1742 sites were amplified by 35 pairs of primers, of which 417 were isolated, 1325 were not segregated and 23.9% were polymorphic. Among the segregation sites, 226 loci that fit the 1: 1 Mendelian segregation ratio accounted for 54.2% of the total number of segregation sites; 31 sites that deviated from the 1: 1 Mendelian segregation ratio accounted for the total number of segregation sites 7.4%. The number of sites that met the 3: 1 Mendelian segregation ratio was 128, accounting for 30.7% of the total number of segregated sites; 32 sites deviating from the 3: 1 Mendelian segregation ratio accounted for 7.7% of the total number of segregated sites. The pedigree gene diversity index was 0.130, Shannon index was 0.193. Genetic distance analysis showed that the genetic distance of Nei’s between offspring and female parent was between 0.064 and 0.111, and the genetic distance between Nei’s and male parent Nei’s was between 0.065 and 0.107. Among them, 63 individuals and 48 individuals, respectively, with the father, mother the farest relationship. In this experiment, the proportion of partial segregation sites was within the normal range, and the genetic diversity of F2 generation pedigrees was low. The results of this study provide some technical support for genetic diversity analysis and genetic linkage map construction of wild population and family members of Portunus trituberculatus.