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本文研究混凝土重力坝在强震作用下产生的水库空穴问题。水库空穴系指流体与坝面在振动过程中产生的周期性脱离与撞击现象。模型试验初步证实了这一现象。本文视库水为不可压缩之理想流体,建立了两个水库空穴模型:(一)简化模型:引用WESTERGAARD动水压力公式,视库水为集中的附加质量,研究坝面空穴过程;(二)有限元模型:以有限元素离散库水,得到了空穴条件下等效于动水压力的一致附加质量,研究坝面空穴过程。塞于上述模型,对重力坝反应的影响进行了研究,并与模型试验作了比较。初步结论是:空穴分离过程将减小坝体反应;空穴撞击过程则将增大坝顶反应,增加坝顶拉应力。
This paper studies the problem of reservoir cavities produced by strong earthquakes in concrete gravity dam. Reservoir cavity refers to the fluid and dam surface in the process of vibration arising from the cyclical detachment and impact. Model tests initially confirmed this phenomenon. This paper considers the reservoir water as the incompressible ideal fluid and establishes two reservoir cavity models: (1) Simplify the model: Using WESTERGAARD hydrodynamic pressure formula, considering the added mass of the reservoir water, B) Finite element model: Discrete reservoir water with finite elements, the consistent additional mass equivalent to hydrodynamic pressure under cavitation conditions is obtained, and the cavity process of the dam surface is studied. Caught in the above model, the effect of gravity dam response was studied and compared with the model test. The preliminary conclusion is: the hole separation process will reduce the dam reaction; hole collision process will increase the crest reaction, increase the tensile stress of the crest.