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研究了青藏铁路沿线由北至南27条样带的土壤有机碳和速效养分特征,分析指标包括活性有机碳、可溶性有机碳、碱解氮、铵态氮、硝态氮、速效磷、速效钾。结果表明:沿线土壤有机碳和速效养分指标多表现为土壤下层(20-40cm)养分含量低于表层(0-20cm)。南北各样带的综合分析表明,土壤活性有机碳、可溶性有机碳、碱解氮、铵态氮、表层速效磷含量表现为南部西藏境内各样带多高于北部青海境内样带;而土壤硝态氮、速效钾、下层速效磷含量由北至南则没有明显的增高趋势。各样带土壤活性有机碳含量多在2-14g·kg~(-1)之间,碱解氮含量多在20-160mg·kg~(-1)之间,碱解氮与活性有机碳表现出非常类似的变化规律。各样带土壤可溶性有机碳含量变动在200-450mg·kg~(-1)之间,铵态氮含量多在5-9mg·kg~(-1)之间,这两个指标由北至南在各样带间波动比较大。沿线各样带土壤硝态氮含量在2-5mg·kg~(-1)之间,速效磷含量多在1-3.5mg·kg~(-1)之间,速效钾含量则多在30-100mg·kg~(-1)之间。相关性分析表明,碱解氮与活性有机碳及可溶性有机碳之间均呈现极显著正相关,活性有机碳与可溶性有机碳之间也存在极显著正相关关系,活性有机碳与速效磷之间存在显著正相关关系,硝态氮与速效钾存在显著正相关关系,而其余各养分指标之间则没有明显相关性。
The characteristics of soil organic carbon and available nutrients in 27 transects from north to south along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway were studied. The indicators included active organic carbon, soluble organic carbon, alkaline nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium . The results showed that the contents of soil organic carbon and available nutrients along the line were mostly lower than the surface layer (0-20 cm) in the lower layer (20-40 cm). Comprehensive analysis of the various northern and southern belts showed that the contents of soil active organic carbon, soluble organic carbon, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and surface quick-acting phosphorus were higher in all samples in southern Tibet than in the northern Qinghai. However, Nitrogen, available potassium, the lower available phosphorus content from north to south, there is no obvious increase trend. The content of soil active organic carbon in various zones was mostly between 2-14g · kg -1, and the content of alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen was mostly between 20-160mg · kg -1. The contents of soil available nitrogen and active organic carbon A very similar pattern of change. The contents of soil dissolved organic carbon varied from 200 to 450 mg · kg -1 in soil samples with the contents of ammonium nitrogen ranging from 5 to 9 mg · kg -1. These two indicators ranged from north to south In a wide range of fluctuations between the band. The content of nitrate nitrogen in the soil along the line ranged from 2-5mg · kg -1, the content of available P was 1-3.5mg · kg -1, and the content of available K was more than 30- 100mg · kg -1. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between available nitrogen and active organic carbon and dissolved organic carbon, there was a significant positive correlation between active organic carbon and soluble organic carbon, and between active organic carbon and available phosphorus There was a significant positive correlation between the nitrate nitrogen and available potassium significant positive correlation, while the rest of the nutrient indicators there is no significant correlation between.