目的调查陕西省延安市基层卫计医务人员优生相关知识与技能现状,分析参与式教学的效果,为进一步指导优生评估和有效预防出生缺陷提供科学依据。方法 2015年10月,随机抽取延安市各区县及乡镇63名基层卫计医务人员进行优生相关知识技能的现状基线调查,之后采用参与式教学方法(PTM)进行优生知识技能教学培训。教学后统一采用10分制不记名自填式问卷进行效果评估。结果延安市基层卫计医务人员优生知识技能掌握程度欠缺,授课前平均得分仅(5.1±1.7)分,对“预防出生缺陷的个体化营养素补充”、“药物对妊娠的危险性分级”、“神经管缺陷发生的关键时期”的知晓率最低,分别为7.9%、11.1%、31.7%;卫计人员的年龄、职称、服务机构、专业年限与其优生知识技能得分均显著相关(r1=0.258,r2=0.427,r3=0.353,r4=0.260,均P<0.05),且高年龄、高职称水平和县区级服务机构卫计人员总的知识技能水平高于低年龄、低职称及乡镇级技术人员。参与式教学后,平均得分为(8.8±1.5)分,比教学前增高3.7分,显著高于教学前(t=13.112,P<0.001),且总得分6分以上的比率显著增高(93.6%vs.23.8%,χ2=66.706,P<0.001)。PTM教学干预突破了教学前年龄、职称、专业年限与优生知识技能得分的关联,转变为教学后的无显著性相关(r1后=-0.208,r2后=-0.222,r4后=-0.162,均P>0.05),从而全面提高了各类学员的知识技能水平。结论延安市基层卫计医务人员对优生相关知识与技能操作知晓率普遍较低,参与式优生教学效果显著,可明显提高其专业知识技能水平,应持续在基层卫计医务人员培训中推广使用。 Objective To investigate the status of eugenics related knowledge and skills of primary health care workers in Yan’an City, Shaanxi Province, and to analyze the effect of participatory teaching so as to provide scientific basis for further guiding the assessment of eugenics and preventing birth defects effectively. Methods In October 2015, a total of 63 baseline health personnel from various districts, counties and towns in Yan’an City were selected to conduct a baseline survey on current status of eugenics and related knowledge and skills. Then PTM was used to conduct teaching of eugenic knowledge and skills. After teaching unified use of 10 points bearer self-evaluation questionnaire for evaluation. Results The basic knowledge level of medical staff in Yan’an was not enough, and the average score before the teaching was only 5.1 ± 1.7. The individual supplementation of the prevention of birth defects, the risk classification of the drug for pregnancy “, ” The critical period of occurrence of neural tube defects, "the lowest awareness, respectively, 7.9%, 11.1%, 31.7%; Wei Ji staff age, job title, service agencies, professional years and their eugenics knowledge and skill scores were significant (R1 = 0.258, r2 = 0.427, r3 = 0.353, r4 = 0.260, all P <0.05), and the level of seniority and professional titles and the total level of knowledge and skills of service personnel at county level were higher than those of lower age, Low title and township-level technical staff. Participatory teaching, the average score of (8.8 ± 1.5) points, 3.7 points higher than before teaching, significantly higher than before teaching (t = 13.112, P <0.001), and the total score of 6 points was significantly higher (93.6% vs.23.8%, χ2 = 66.706, P <0.001). PTM teaching intervention broke through the correlation between pre-teaching age, professional title, professional life and eugenics knowledge and skill score, and turned into no significant correlation after teaching (r = -0.208, r = -0.222, r = -0.162 P> 0.05), so as to comprehensively improve the knowledge and skills of all kinds of trainees. Conclusion The awareness rate of health-related knowledge and skills among medical staffs in Yan’an is generally low, and the effectiveness of participatory eugenics teaching is significant. It can significantly improve their professional knowledge and skills and should be popularized and used in the training of grassroots health professionals.