几乎所有Graves病人均有甲亢及眼病,局部(胫前)粘液水肿和杵状指则较少见。甲亢是自身抗体(对促甲状腺激素受体的抗体)刺激甲状腺所引起。有眼病的Graves病人的血清中有抗体与眼外肌及眼眶内的纤维母细胞结合,刺激眶内纤维母细胞合成氨基葡萄糖并对眼肌细胞有细胞毒性作用。仅40％病人眼病显著, Almost all Graves patients have hyperthyroidism and eye disease, local (anterior tibial) mucus edema and clubbing are rare. Hyperthyroidism is an autoantibody (an antibody to the thyroid stimulating hormone receptor) that stimulates the thyroid. Graves patients with eye disease in the serum antibodies and extraocular muscles and orbital fibroblasts combined to stimulate orbital fibroblasts synthesis of glucosamine and cytotoxicity of ocular muscle cells. Only 40% of patients with significant eye disease,