1128名中学生中,月经初潮平均年龄是12.76岁,其母代初潮平均年龄为14.40岁,子代比母代提前19.5个月。初潮后月经不规则,调查证实,月经初潮至规律的月经周期是一个缓慢过程,常需要数月至2年甚至3年时间。青春期痛经发生率为23.37％,一半以上与精神因素有关,本文还讨论了青春期发动机理、初潮后月经的规律以及痛经的发生及其有关因素。 Among the 1128 middle school students, the average age of menarche was 12.76 years old, the average age of mother’s generation of menarche was 14.40 years old, and the offspring was 19.5 months earlier than the mother generation. Irregular menstruation after menarche, the survey confirmed that menstrual flow to the regular menstrual cycle is a slow process, often takes several months to 2 years or even 3 years. The incidence of dysmenorrhea in adolescence was 23.37%. More than half of them were related to mental factors. The paper also discussed the mechanism of puberty, menstruation after menarche and the occurrence of dysmenorrhea and its related factors.