论文部分内容阅读
20世纪60年代后期,正处在现代化加速发展时期的墨西哥突然陷入了社会危机。新上台的埃切维利亚政府为应对社会危机出台了一系列有利于民众的社会经济政策,并实行政治开放和多元外交。虽然有些政策在初期收到良效,但因国内私人部门和外国资本的反对,税收改革失败,埃切维利亚只得借助于财政赤字和外债,最终,“分享发展”战略崩溃。从社会危机的起因和埃切维利亚政府政策的贯彻中,可以感悟到:在促进经济增长的同时,不能忽视收入分配和社会公正;在经济现代化的同时,不能忽视政治现代化;在混合经济体制中实现社会发展目标时,要对私人部门和外国资本的制约有充分的估计;实行民众主义政策,不能牺牲经济增长,重视眼前利益,不能牺牲长远利益;对政府政策“钟摆效应”的研究应该分析利益集团和外部环境等深层因素的影响。
In the late 1960s, Mexico, which was in a period of accelerated development of modernization, suddenly fell into a social crisis. The newly elected Echeverrian government has introduced a series of social and economic policies favorable to the public in response to the social crisis and implemented political openness and plural diplomacy. Although some policies were initially effective, opposition to the domestic private sector and foreign capital led to the failure of the tax reform. Echeverria was forced to resort to fiscal deficits and foreign debt. Eventually, the strategy of “sharing development” collapsed. From the causes of the social crisis and the implementation of the government policies of Echeverria, we can see that while promoting economic growth, we can not ignore the distribution of income and social justice. We should not ignore the political modernization while we are economically modernized. In the mixed economy When implementing the goals of social development in the system, we must make a full assessment of the constraints on the private sector and foreign capitals. Implementing the populist policy can not sacrifice economic growth, pay immediate attention to the immediate interests and long-term interests at the expense of government policies. The research should analyze the influence of deep factors such as interest groups and the external environment.