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目的探讨饮水型砷中毒致人体红细胞膜Na+-K+-ATP酶活性的改变,并用扫描电镜观察膜的损害。方法对45例不同程度砷中毒患者(病例组)、84例病区内对照(内对照组)、58例病区外对照(外对照组)抽取抗凝血,分离血清,采用分光光度法分别测定各组细胞膜Na+-K+-ATP酶活性,用扫描电镜观察各组红细胞膜形态的改变。结果(1)病例组Na+-K+-ATP酶活性(1.89±0.76)u/mg prot,内对照组Na+-K+-ATP酶活性(2.76±1.27)u/mg prot,外对照组Na+-K+-ATP酶活性(3.65±1.31)u/mg prot,3组酶活性比较,外对照组、内对照组、病例组酶活性依次降低(P<0.05);(2)轻度病例组Na+-K+-ATP酶活性(1.97±0.75)u/mg prot,中度病例组Na+-K+-ATP酶活性(1.80±0.79)u/mg prot,重度病例组Na+-K+-ATP酶活性(1.26±0.87)u/mg prot,3组酶活性比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);(3)扫描电镜观察内对照非地方性砷中毒患者和轻中重度地方性砷中毒病人的红细胞膜形态均发生了变形,且膜的受损程度与病人病情相一致。结论饮水型砷中毒可导致红细胞Na+-K+-ATP酶活性的降低及膜损伤。
Objective To investigate the changes of Na + -K + -ATPase activity in human erythrocyte membrane caused by drinking water arsenism and observe the damage of membrane by scanning electron microscope. Methods 45 patients with different degree of arsenism (patient group), 84 patients in the control group (control group), 58 patients outside the control group (external control group) were drawn anticoagulant blood serum was separated by spectrophotometry The activity of Na + -K + -ATPase in each group was measured and the change of erythrocyte membrane morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy. Results The activity of Na + -K + -ATPase in the control group was (1.89 ± 0.76) u / mg prot and the activity of Na + -K + -ATPase in the control group was (2.76 ± 1.27) u / ATPase activity (3.65 ± 1.31) u / mg prot, the enzyme activities in the three groups were significantly decreased (P <0.05); (2) Na + -K + ATPase activity was (1.97 ± 0.75) u / mg prot, moderate activity group was (1.80 ± 0.79) u / mg prot and activity of Na + -K + -ATPase was 1.26 ± 0.87 / mg prot, there was no significant difference between the three groups (P> 0.05). (3) Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the erythrocyte membrane morphology of patients with non-endemic arsenism and mild to moderate arsenism The deformation, and the degree of damage to the membrane consistent with the patient’s condition. Conclusion Drinking arsenic poisoning can lead to the decrease of erythrocyte Na + -K + -ATPase activity and membrane damage.