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一、新中国行政机关主要公文种类变迁的情况新中国成立初,我国党政机关基本沿用的是解放区的公文形式。为了适应不断发展的形势的需要,中央人民政府政务院组织力量对公文处理做了一些规范工作,并于1951年9月29日颁布了《公文处理暂行办法》,其中规定了7类12种主要公文种类(见附表一)。这个《暂行办法》实施后,收效显著,各方面反映都比较好。结合在实际工作中遇到的问题和实际工作者提出的一些合理化建议,1957年国务院秘书厅在《关于对公文名称和体式的几点意见》中又专门阐述了正确使用文种的重要意义,并本着简化、确切和便利工作的原则,对12个文种的意义和作用分别作了具体解释。1951年颁布的《暂行办法》,建构了新中国行政机关公文种类的总体框架,此后40多年公文种类的多次变迁,都是对这个总体框架的不断完善。
I. Changes in the Types of Major Official Documents in the New China’s Administrative Authorities At the beginning of the founding of new China, the party’s and government organs in China basically followed the official documents of the liberated areas. In order to meet the needs of the ever-evolving situation, the Central People’s Government and the State Council’s administrative forces organized some normative work on the handling of official documents. On September 29, 1951, they promulgated the “Provisional Measures on Official Documents Handling,” which stipulated seven major categories of 12 official documents Category (see Schedule 1). After the implementation of the “Interim Measures”, the results have been remarkably effective and all aspects have been reflected well. Combined with the problems encountered in the practical work and some reasonable suggestions put forward by the actual workers, the Secretary Office of the State Council in 1957 specifically elaborated on the significance of the proper use of scripts in “Several Opinions on the Names and Forms of Official Documents” In the light of the principle of simplification, exactness and convenience, the significance and role of the 12 languages were explained respectively. The “Interim Measures” promulgated in 1951 established the general framework for the types of official documents in the administrative organs of new China. After many changes in the types of official documents for more than 40 years, the overall framework has been continuously improved.