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[目的]探讨脲醛树脂黏胶生产企业职业病危害因素风险等级评估,为做好建设项目职业病危害评价提供实用指标。[方法]采用化学物质急性毒性定性分级(HR)及职业健康暴露水平定量分级(ER)为基础的风险矩阵等级直接评价法。[结果]经HR和EER职业病危害半定量风险矩阵等级评定,甲醛胶池放料的风险等级为4级(高风险水平);甲醛反应釜投料的风险等级为3级(一般风险水平);甲醛的运输卸载、氨水的反应釜投料及运输卸载、氢氧化钠的反应釜投料及运输卸载的风险矩阵等级为2级(低风险水平);尿素的反应釜投料及运输卸载的风险等级为l级(可忽略风险水平)。[结论]对脲醛树脂黏胶生产工艺过程产生的有毒有害物质进行了风险分级,找出了高风险。职业病危害半定量风险矩阵等级评定方法可作为建设项目职业病危害风险评价技术的补充指标。
[Objective] To evaluate the risk grade of occupational hazards in urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive manufacturing enterprises and provide practical indexes for the evaluation of occupational hazards in construction projects. [Method] A direct risk rating method based on the qualitative classification of acute toxicity of chemical substances (HR) and the quantitative level of occupational health exposure (ER) was used. [Results] According to the semi-quantitative risk matrix grade appraisal of occupational hazards of HR and EER, the risk grade of formaldehyde glue discharge was level 4 (high risk level); the risk level of formaldehyde reactor feeding was level 3 (general risk level) Of the unloading, transportation and unloading ammonia reactor loading and unloading, sodium hydroxide reactor feeding and unloading of risk matrix level 2 (low risk level); urea reactor feeding and unloading of the risk level l (Negligible risk level). [Conclusion] The grade of toxic and harmful substances produced in the process of urea - formaldehyde resin adhesive production was graded and the high risk was found out. The evaluation method of semi-quantitative risk matrix of occupational hazards can be used as a supplementary indicator of the risk assessment of occupational hazards in construction projects.