目的 :探讨开封市新生儿先天性甲状腺功能低下的发病率及治疗愈后观察。方法 :以本院出生的新生儿为筛查对象。于出生后 48 72小时 ,充分哺乳后采取足跟血 ,应用DELFIA法检测标本中TSH水平 (TSH)≥ 2 0 μIU/ml为阳性 )。并用放免法检测阳性患儿血清中TSH、T3 、T4 水平确诊。确诊后即给予口服甲状腺素片治疗并定期随访。结果 :40 92例新生儿中检出CH患者 2例 ,发病率为 1/2 0 46,高于文献报道。这与样本量小有关。结论 :早发现早治疗可获得满意效果。对于减少我国病残儿出生 ,提高我国人口素质有着十分重要的意义。 Objective: To investigate the incidence of congenital hypothyroidism in neonates in Kaifeng and to observe the prognosis after treatment. Methods: Newborns born in our hospital were screened. At 48 to 72 hours after birth, heel blood was taken after adequate breast-feeding. The TSH level (TSH) ≥ 20 μU / ml was positive with DELFIA assay). Serum TSH, T3 and T4 levels were detected by radioimmunoassay. Oral thyroxine tablets were given and diagnosed regularly after diagnosis. Results: Two out of 4092 newborns were diagnosed as CH with a prevalence of 1/2 0 46, which was higher than that reported in the literature. This is related to the small sample size. Conclusion: Early detection of early treatment can be obtained satisfactory results. It is of great significance for reducing the birth of disabled children and improving the quality of our population.