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目的了解北京市锰及其无机化合物作业人员的职业卫生状况,为下一步制定防治政策和措施提供依据。方法对58家用人单位的1 538名锰及其无机化合物作业人员进行职业健康检查,并对用人单位进行职业卫生状况调查及工作场所空气中锰及其化合物的检测。结果职业健康检查结果显示754人存在不同类型的自觉症状,神经系统检查结果异常33人,8人同时存在自觉症状及神经系统检查结果异常。用人单位在职业卫生经费投入上差异化明显,5家用人单位工作场所空气中锰及其无机化合物检测结果超过国家职业卫生接触限值,短时间接触浓度最高达1.28 mg/m3。结论应加强对用人单位,尤其是中小型用人单位的监督管理,强化用人单位依法落实职业病防治措施的主体职责,从源头上控制和消除职业病危害。
Objective To understand the occupational health status of manganese and its inorganic compound workers in Beijing and provide the basis for formulating prevention and control policies and measures in the next step. Methods Occupational health examinations were conducted on 1,538 manganese and inorganic compound workers from 58 employers and the occupational health status of workers and their detection of manganese and its compounds in the workplace were investigated. Results The results of occupational health examination showed that 754 patients had different types of subjective symptoms, 33 abnormal neurological examination results, and 8 patients had abnormal symptoms and neurological examination results at the same time. Significant differences were found in the input of funding for occupational health among employers. The detection results of manganese and its inorganic compounds in the air of 5 employers’ workplaces exceeded the national occupational health exposure limit, and the short-term exposure concentration reached as high as 1.28 mg / m3. Conclusion The supervision and management of employers, especially small and medium-sized employers, should be strengthened, and the employer’s duties as employer’s prevention and control measures for occupational diseases should be strengthened and the occupational hazards should be controlled and eliminated from the source.