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抗细菌药物的广泛使用,对感染性疾病的化学疗法起了很大的作用。但仍存在一些问题有待解决,细菌抗药性是其中最棘手的问题之一。一种药物刚进入临床应用时,对许多致病菌都是敏感的,可以获得满意的疗效。但应用之后,细菌或迟或早都会产生不同程度的抗药性,限制了药物的临床应用,引起了人们的极大注意。近年来随着分子生物学、分子遗传学、大分子合成方面研究的发展及现代新技术的应用,细菌抗药性的实质得到进一步的研究,进展很快。细菌抗药性的问题牵涉的面很广,已有一些专题报道。本文仅就近年来细菌产生抗药性的几个重要方面进行讨论,并简述细菌抗药性产生的规律和控制办法。
The widespread use of anti-bacterial drugs has played a significant role in the chemotherapy of infectious diseases. However, some problems still remain to be solved. Bacterial drug resistance is one of the most difficult problems. A drug just entering clinical applications, for many pathogenic bacteria are sensitive to obtain a satisfactory effect. However, after the application, the bacteria will have different levels of resistance sooner or later, which limits the clinical application of the medicine and attracts great attention. In recent years, with the development of molecular biology, molecular genetics, macromolecular synthesis research and the application of modern new technologies, the substance of bacterial resistance has been further studied and progressed rapidly. The problem of bacterial resistance involves a wide range of topics have been reported. This article discusses several important aspects of bacterial resistance in recent years, and briefly describes the rules and control measures of bacterial resistance.