目的探讨新兵急进高海拔地区早期心理反应的特点和规律。方法随机抽取80名新兵,跟随其从海拔1400m某地摩托化快速进驻4200m高原,并进行观察。分别在进驻前(G1组)、进驻后第7天(G2组)和第30天(G3组)三个阶段对其用SCL-90量表进行心理测评。采用配对t检验和卡方检验对数据进行分析。结果与G1组比较,G2组躯体化、焦虑因子分值显著升高(P<0.05);人际关系敏感性、敌对及偏执因子分值显著降低(P<0.05)。与G1组比较,G3组躯体化因子分值显著升高(P<0.05);人际关系敏感性因子分值显著降低(P<0.05)。与G2组比较,G3组敌对因子分值显著升高(P<0.05)且高于G2组;G3组躯体化和“其他”因子分值显著降低(P<0.05)。进驻后第一个星期躯体化、焦虑因子向消极方向发展,而人际关系敏感性、敌对、偏执因子向积极方向发展。驻留高原1个月,上述因子除人际关系敏感性外,全部或部分趋于恢复进驻前水平。结论新兵初进高原后众多心理因子均受到显著影响,这种影响既有有害的一面也有有益的一面,而且随着时间的推移,多数影响趋于消退。 Objective To explore the characteristics and regularity of early psychological reaction of recruit soldiers in high altitudes. Methods A total of 80 recruits were recruited randomly, and 4200m altitude plateaus were stationed in the area from 1400m above sea level. The observation was made. The SCL-90 scale was used to evaluate the psychological status of the patients before entering the station (G1), on the seventh day (G2) and on the 30th day (G3). Paired t-test and chi-square test were used to analyze the data. Results Compared with G1 group, the scores of somatization and anxiety in G2 group were significantly increased (P <0.05). The interpersonal sensitivity, hostility and paranoid factor scores were significantly decreased (P <0.05). Compared with G1 group, the scores of somatization factor in G3 group were significantly increased (P <0.05), and the interpersonal sensitivity factor scores were significantly decreased (P <0.05). Compared with G2 group, the score of hostile factor in G3 group was significantly higher (P <0.05) and higher than that in G2 group; the somatization and other factors in G3 group were significantly decreased (P <0.05). The first week after entering the somatization, anxiety factor to the negative direction, and interpersonal sensitivity, hostility, paranoid factor to the positive direction. Residing in the plateau for 1 month, the above factors in addition to the sensitivity of interpersonal relationships, all or part of the trend tends to resume presence before. Conclusions Many psychological factors have been significantly affected after recruits entered the plateau. The impact is both detrimental and beneficial, and as time goes by, most of the effects tend to subside.